BACKGROUND Starting in 1992, Catalonia was a pioneer region in cluster policy together with a few other regions and has become since a global leader The main aim of this policy has always been the improvement of business competitiveness, using clusters as a tool and never as an end in themselves. During these 25 years of experience, cluster policy has evolved in terms of the definition of the initiatives, from a narrow definition of a business and around a traditional value chain to a more cross-cutting approach where an initiative can also be defined based upon a strategy or a given end...